M3W5 




Oass _ 
Book__ 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 



Copyright 1885, by Jos. M. Brown. 



waA 



• 



WESTERN -° ATLANTIC RAILROAD 







Resort^ 



I mm WATER! 

I MBilTilKg iEEKlil^Ys^ 
I .ilfflTHlpyL PEJ¥ES"^ 
; IIS® Fllf ^ 



. i.- / , 4^-^' 






m 



Matthews, Northrup & Co., Artrrintiri),' Works, Iluffalo, N. V. 



*• Marietta, Georgia.* 



F Preeminently one of the prettiest little cities in all 
^ the Southland is Marietta, Georgia. Built in the midst 
of a superb growth of oak trees, only a couple of miles 
south of the far-famed Kennesaw Mountains, and having 
within itself all the element^ of bea,uty and taste, it well deserves 
the title of " The Little Gem City of Georgia." 

At the Western & Atlantic Railroad Depot its elevation above the 
sea is 1,132 feet, and upon the summits of several of the beautiful 
hills within its limits there is an altitude attained of possibly a couple 
of scores or more of feet above' this; hence, it can readily be noted 
that the atmosphere is very fine and the scenery charming. 

To the inhabitants of the region south, desirous of escaping the 
extreme heat and the malarial influences which are so deleterious to 
health during the summer months, there is no better resort than 
Marietta; while those who would seek refuge from the chil.tng 
blasts and snows of the North and Welt find this a delightful " Half- 
way place" between the rigors of the winter climate of their homesj 
and the enervating warmth of Florida, during the early winter and! 
early spring. In fact. Marietta has for some years past been thei 
winter residence of a number of northwestern people. 

One of her choicest advantages, and one, by the way, which is not 
possessed by any other summer or winter resort in probably all the 
South, is the fact that tourists or wayfarers stopping here not onlyj 
secure the advantages of a splendid atmosphere, pure water, lovely 
scenery, and associations with a resident population noted for cultuic 
and refinement, but they are also within one hour's ride of t»he 
metropolis of the Southeast, and with about a half a dozen trains '^'^er 
day each way, running at seasonable hours, one can go and returr at 
slight cost, whether the object be "to go shopping," to pay social 
calls on friends in Atlanta, to spend a few hours enjoying anew the 
bustling activity of business life, or in the evenings to attend any 
theatrical or other entertainment which may be on hand. All these 
advantages can be enjoyed by those who would wish to spend evijry 
night in Marietta. 

Marietta was settled in December, 1833. The pioneer dwellings 
were in the neighborhood of the present Episcopal Church, and at 
that time the Cherokee Indians still held sway in this region, from 
which, however, they were removed by the general government 
some four or five years lalter. 

The building of the Western & Atlantic, or, as it was popularly 
known, " The State Road," some dozen years later, found her quite 
a thriving little town, andj:his term she has deserved ever since. 

In the language of one of our most cultured Georgia writers, 

"This charming little city has long been the health and pleasijirC' 
resort of tlie afHiient denizens of the seacoast in the heat of summer. 
Before the war, when the old noblesse of that aristocratic regioiii 



:oimted their broad acres by the thousands and their slaves by the 
hundreds, it was the fashion to spend at least a fewweeks in Marietta 
either gfoinjj or returninfj from the Virginia Springs or Saratoga. 

"In those days money was dispensed like water, and the big brick 
hotel, which had been erected to meet the ever increasing influx of 
visitors, was crammed from cellar to attic. 

"Stylish equipages swept along the streets, the churches were 
crowiled with the t'lite of the State, and mirth and gayety held high 
carnival for weeks and months every season." 

The end of the great Civil War, however, in 1865, found Mariictta 
wrecked by its ravages, the business portion of the city having been 
burned, and the beautiful homes in many cases sadly disfigured; but 
within the twenty years which have followed, it has gradually come 
out of this, and its plucky little population has turned one point and 
another to advantage, until they have made their city what it to-day 
is, "A Thing of Beauty." 

One would think that, being almost under the shadow of the busi- 
ness houses of Atlanta, it would amount to but little, except a place 
for pleasant residence; whereas, the reverse is exactly true. 

M.VRIETTA controls a trade which is more than local, and has 
asserted herself, commercially, to an unusual extent. Her merchants 
^jess the advantage of being in the midst of a good farming 
ooi ntry, and of being burdened with less taxation, less rents, etc., 
IbjU'i their neighbors in the metropolis so near them; furthermore, 
ng the southern terminus of the Marietta & North Georgia Rail- 
rc) id, they naturally secure a very large proportion of the business of 
tl' ; territory traversed by that line, in spite of the efforts of their 
I )re powerful rival. 

Referring just here to the Marietta & North Georgia Railroad, it 
I'i^ iroper to state that the enterprise of building it was for the first 
\ \ ir or two in charge of General William Phillips, as President. 
J I ? completed the railroad to Canton in spite of stringencies in 
nj )ney matters, and in spite of many difficulties which would have 
Jaunted a less enthusiastic man, and to his energy in getting it thus 
started the present clever management is certainly indebted to an 
unusual extent. 

Starting from Marietta, which is at the elevation above the 
sea previously mentioned, the successive stations have altitudes as 
follows: 

Woodstock, 994 feet. Jasper, 1.530 feet. 

Canton, 960 feet. Talking Rock, 1,113 feet. 

Ball Ground, 1,116 feet. Ellijay, 1,310 feet. 

Tate's, 1.325 feet. 

The road is completed as far as to Ellijay, seventy-one miles. 
Within the present year it is considered that it will be extended via 
White Path to Blue Ridge, and its ultimate terminus will be Murphy, 
N. C. 

White Path has an elevation of 1,500 feet above the sea, and Blue 
Ridge 1,769 feet. Hence, it will be observed that this line pene- 
trates the mountainous region of Georgia, and brings the tourist not 
only into the midst of the wildest and most attractive scenery, but 
also into an atmosphere which is most superb. 

The United States Census reports show that this region is the 
healthiest in America, without exception, for those who are threatened 



with pulmonary diseases. Out of every i,ooo deaths, only twenty- 
eight in North Georgia are from diseases of the character named. 
In North Carolina the number is thirty-two per thousand, while in 
some of the New England States it runs up to as high as about one 
hundred and ninety per thousand. Such a contrast is really remark- 
able. Hay fever has never been known among the inhabitants of 
this region. We may judge of the general health from the fact 
that the United States Census reports of 1880 show the following- 
death rate per thousand of the living population in the counties 
named: Gilmer, 8; Union, 9, and Fannin, 5 — the latter, by the 
way, being possibly the healthiest county in America. Instances of 
striking longevity are noted in these counties. 

It may be here stated that going via this line from Marietta one 
reaches the great water-shed of North Georgia, which is comprised in 
the elevated mountain plateau, if we may so term it, including the 
counties, or portions of them, of Gilmer, Fannin, Union, Towns 
and Rabun. 

This region throws off the water as follows: To the north, the 
Tennessee River, the Notley River, the Hiwassee River, and the 
Toccoa, or, as it is known in Tennessee, the Ocoee River; to the 
east, the Savannah River and its confluents, which include the 
Tugalo and Tallulah Rivers; to the south, the Broad River, the 
Chestatee River, the Tesnatee River and the Chattahoochee River; 
and to the west, the EUijay River and the Carticay River, which two 
form the Coosawattee, which is one of the main confluents of the 
Oostanaula River, which the Western & Atlantic Railroad crosses at 
Resaca, Ga., famed in history. 

The average elevation of these counties is probably over two 
thousand feet above the sea level, and the serrated sub-ranges of the 
great Blue Ridge and Alleghany Mountains, which extend through 
these counties, rise into quite a number of lofty peaks; prominent 
among which are Trail Mountain, 4,438 feet high; Blood Mountain, 
4,460 feet high; Mount Enota, otherwise called "The Brass-town 
Bald" Mountain, 4,802 feet high; this latter, by the way, being the 
loftiest peak in Georgia. Besides these, there is a number of other 
peaks of about the same altitude. 

There are numerous water-falls of striking beauty in this region ; 
the highest of which are Amicalola Falls, in Dawson County, 
about a day's ride from the railroad. These are 744 feet high from 
the summit of the first leap to the level of the valley below, and can 
be seen from Dawsonville, ten miles distant. 

Northwest of Ellijay, some thirty miles, are the famous Ducktown 
Copper Mines, the main shaft of which is 470 feet deep, and through 
this region are numerous gold mines. There is also in these counties 
a number of mineral springs. 

At Tate's, fifty miles above MARIETTA, on the line of this narrow 
gauge railway, a little branch road leads off about a couple of miles 
to the Georgia Marble Quarries, in Pickens County. These quarries 
are now being developed by a very strong com.pany, and shipments 
are already being made to Philadelphia, Chicago, etc. The moun- 
tains seem practically full of marble, which comprises several grades 
and colors; there being one vein of a beautiful pink color; another 
of white, variegated with a bluish tint, and another pure white. 



This "Geor<jia Marble," it is likely, will be used, within a year^or 
two, in probably more than a score of States. 

At Marble Cliff, by the way, about sixty miles north of Marietta, 
in building the railroad around the side of the mountain, it became 
necessary to blast off the white marble, which comprises the cliff, 
and the road-bed for a short distance lies on marble, and that which 
was blasted off was also used for ballasting purposes for the railroad, 
above and below this point. 

The railroad company, however, cannot brag as much on this 
latter matter as they might under other circumstances, for the simple 
reason that the marble was nearer at hand, and therefore cheaper for 
ballast than other stone would have been. 

Excursions to the marble quarries from Marietta are very 
popular in the summer time, inasmuch as the tourist can leave 
Marietta in the morning, spend some three hours at the quarries, 
and reach Marietta in time for supper. 

Pleasant trips are also enjoyed to Ellijay, and at that point the 
nights are so cool that one always has to sleep under cover, and the 
same may also be said of Jasper. 

The climate of Marietta, by the way, is as fine as is to be 
found in any city of the South. It has been said: 

"The most potent influences which determine climate, are latitude 
or distance from the equator, elevation above the tide, configuration 
of mountain chains, proximity to the sea, and the direction of the 
prevailing winds." 

In all these particulars the position of Marietta is favorable for 
a temperate and uniform climate. People from Georgia, Carolina, 
Florida, Alabama and Louisiana do not need to go to the North and 
West in summer time, as they can attain the same results at this 
elevated point in Georgia; with the additional advantage of being 
within one day's ride of their homes, should emergency call them 
back; and with the power of coming and going by through morning 
or night schedules. 

Regarding the atmosphere, it may be stated that a resident of 
Marietta, who kept the record during 1879, which was probably an 
average year, states that the thermometer only went above ninety 
degrees twelve times in the day-time at Marietta, and the corre- 
sponding nights were from twenty to twenty-nine degrees cooler than 
the days. The atmosphere in winter shows an average which is 
very favorable for health. 

Concerning the other advantages, it may be stated that the roads 
are fine, and there are a number of splendid drives towards Kenne- 
SAW Mountain and in other directions. 

There is also a good livery and sale stable in the city, which can 
supply the best facilities in its line. 

Among the various enterprises of Marietta are the Kennesaw 
Mills, whose brands of flour have quite an extensive sale in Georgia, 
Florida and Carolina. This flour certainly stands well on its merits. 

The Marietta Paper Manufacturing Co., a few miles from the city, 
turns out a very excellent qualjty of book, news, and wrapping 
paper. 

There is also Brumby & Bro.'s factory for the manufacture of chairs, 
which has an out-put which is very considerable; also a wagon and 



carriage factory; and the furniture, sash and blind establishment of 
L. Black & Son has a fine trade. 

Warlick's Photograph Gallery gets a patrotiage which is large, and 
well merits it. 

Besides these, there is likewise a number of other industries and 
mercantile establishments which do credit to the city. 

By reason of the great reduction in coal rates which the Western 
& Atlantic Railroad Company has made, for the purpose of building 
up the manufacturing interests on its line, Marietta is able to 
get coal for steam purposes at $2.25 per ton, delivered. 

As to hotels, etc., Mariett.v is very well off. The Kennesaw 
House immediately on the line of the Western & Atlantic Railroad, 
and fronting the depot, is kept by Mr. A. A. Fletcher, in a style 
which must be pleasing to the tourist and sojourner. One square 
from the depot is the beautiful Whitlock House. This is in the 
midst of a little grove of choice trees, with flowers interspersed, ami 
has every advantage which could be desired in the way of elegant 
rooms, bath rooms on each floor, a fine table, a bowling alley and 
croquet grounds, and pure milk from Mr. Whitlock's own dairy. 

There are also several excellent boarding houses in Marietta, 
among which may be named those kept by Miss Idell Marlow, Mrs. 
M. J. Wright, Mr. L. S. Cox, Mrs. L. C. McLellan, Mrs. A. Cook, 
and the "European House," which is kept on the plan indicated by 
its name. 

Marietta also has Baptist, Episcopal, Methodist and Presbyterian 
churches for the white population, also good churches for the 
colored. These are all supplied with pastors of good ability. 

The bar of the city is unusually fine, and includes lawyers of 
established and wide-spread reputation. 

There are drug stores here, and in addition to several physicians 
there are two splendid dentists. 

Marietta has a flourishing telephone exchange, which, besides the 
local patronage, is connected with Atlanta and the new station, 
Elizabeth. 

There are also numerous beautiful dwelling-houses in the city; 
and the oak groves in front and around some of these are of rare 
beauty and very attractive. 

On the northeast side of the city is the National Cemetery, which 
covers nearly thirty acres. The National Government has spent 
many thousands of dollars in decorating it, until it now presents a 
very elegant appearance. The front entrance was erected at a cost 
of some thousands of dollars, and is massive and tasty. Within the 
enclosure are the remains of 10,132 Federal soldiers. 

Just one square from the Western & Atlantic Railroad depot is 
the City Park, which is the pride of the Marietta people, and 
justly so. 

Every well regulated and ambitious city has at least one suburb, 
and Marietta is not left behind in this respect. The American Marble 
Cutting Company is now erecting a marble mill at a point nearly 
two miles north of Marietta. The main building of this factory is 
over four hundred feet long and forty-seven feet wide. The engine 
house, which is of brick, with marble facings, is sixty feet long by 
forty feet wide. The chimney is one hundred and twenty-six feet high. 

6 







The company owns about one hundred and sixty acres of land at 
this point. Of course, the dwelling-houses of the employes, etc., 
will be built around this, and inasmuch as the Western & Atlantic 
Railroad Company have here put down extensive side-tracks, and have 
in contemplation all the necessary arrangements for conducting busi- 
ness with this company immediately at their mill, it became necessary 
that a new station should be opened here, and this has been named 
"Elizaheth," in compliment to the estimable wife of Senator 
Joseph E. Brown, who (the Senator) as Governor, when the road 
was under control of the State, or as President of the company since 
it was leased, has been connected with this road directly or indirectly 
for over twenty-two years. 

The town of Elizaheth is at present in an inchoate state; but 
doubtless before another year rolls around will present a very lively 
appearance, and wil! doubtless enjoy the distinction of being one of 
the principal marble shipping points in America. There is also talk 
of the erection of a splendid hotel at this point by a body of 
influential capitalists. 

One of the greatest attractions which MARIETTA possesses is her 
proximity to the far-famed Kennesaw Mountains, around the 
eastern base of which the Western & Atlantic Railroad runs, hardly 
more than two miles north of Marietta. 

The Kennesaw Mountains consists of two peaks, which rear 
tlieir summits very prominently above the surrounding hill-country. 
The highest of the two is nearer the Western & Atlantic line, and 
its extreme altitude is i,6og feet above the sea level. From the 
summit, of course, a most charming view of the city of Marietta 
can be enjoyed, and on a clear day houses in the city of Atlanta, 
which is probably less than twenty miles distant, in an air line, can 
be easily seen. It has been in contemplation to erect a tower on the 
summit of this mountain; in this event it will become quite a resort 



for sight-seers. From the Western & Atlantic side to the summit 
the ascent is gradual, and it is practicable to open a road for carriages 
to ascend to the summit. 

From these mountains "The Great Kennesaw Route," which 
is synonymous with the Western & Atlantic Railroad, received its title. 
Besides this fact, Kennesaw Mountains are famed in Am.erican 
annals as being the scene of some of the fiercest and most bloody 
fighting during the great Civil War. 

In this vicinity for twenty-six days Sherman's and Johnston's 
armies confronted each other, during which, in General Johnston's 
language. 

"Besides the incessant musketry of skirmishers, the Confederate 
troops had to endure an almost uninterrupted cannonade — and to 
endure without returning it; for their supply of artillery ammunition 
was so inadequate, that their batteries could be used only to repel 
assaults, or in serious engagements." 

From the summits of Kennesaw, can be seen the thickly wooded, 
rolling country, wherein for nearly a month the two contending 
hosts faced and fought. 

Westward, some ten miles, is Neiv Hope Church, where, on May 
25, 1864, occurred a desperate struggle between Hooker's corps and 
Stewart's division, in which the former sustained a bloody repulse. 

Near this point also on May 26th, occurred a very hot cavalry fight, 
between Avery's regiment of Georgia cavalry and a large body 
of Federal cavalry, and, although largely outnumbered, and badly 
wounded, Col. Avery, General Johnston says, "maintained the 
position until the arrival of forces capable of holding the ground." 

From this elevation can also be observed the battle-field of Burnt 
Hickory, or as it also is sometimes called. New Hope Church, which 
is about ten miles northwest of Kennesaw Mountain, and about 
five miles west of Acworth. 

At this point, on May 27th, was a very fierce and sanguinary com- 
bat, which resulted in the defeat of the Union forces with great loss. 

Kennesaw, Pine, and Lost Mountains — the latter being about six 
miles west of Kennesaw, and Pine Mountain being northward of botli 
— form a triangle, where Johnston had taken his defensive position. 
The intervening country is rough and very woody. 

On Pine Mountain, on June 14, 1864, the Confederate Lieutenant- 
General Polk was killed by an artillery shot. Gen. Sherman had 
observed a little group of officers, as he correctly supposed, near the 
summit of that mountain, and ordered the' commander of one of his 
batteries to fire upon them. General Polk was struck in the breast 
by an unexploded shell and killed. 

On June 15th, Johnston abandoned Pine Mountain, and on the 
16th, Lost Mountain, in order to better concentrate his forces. 

Sherman's constant flank movements caused several changes in 
Johnston's position; which, the latter says, "was a very hazardous 
one," and gave rise to daily combats, some of considerable importance. 

On June 20th, east of the railroad, opposite Kennesaw Mountain, 
occurred the most considerable cavalry fight of the campaign. The 
Federals were routed by Wheeler. 

General Sherman says in one of his dispatches: 

"The whole country is one vast fort, and Johnston must have at 
least fifty miles of connected trenches with abatis and finished 



batteries. * * * Our lines are now in close contact and the 
fightinjj is incessant, with a good deal of artillery fire. As fast as 
we gain one position, the enemy has another all ready; but I think 
he will soon have to let go Kennesavv Mountain, which is the key 
to the whole country." 

General Sherman further says that on the 24th and 25th of June 
he extended his right as fa" as prudent, so as to compel Johnston 
" to thin out his Lines correspondingly, with the intention to make 
two strong assaults at points where success would give us (the Union 
army) the greatest advantage." 

He adds, that he thought that if he could break Johnston's long 
line at any point, and thrust in a strong head of column, he could 
cut Johnston's army in two, and thus force him to evacuate this 
position; and doubtless, as he considered it, with great disaster to 
the Confederates. 

The 27th of June was the day fixed for the assault. Sherman adds: 

"About 9.00 A. M., of the day appointed, the troops moved to 
the assault, and all along our lines for ten miles a furious fire of 
artillery and musketry was kept up. At all points the enemy met us 
with determined courage and in great force. McPherson's attacking 
column fought up the face of the lesser Kennesaw; but could not 
reach the summit. * * * By ir.30 the assault was in fact over 
and had failed. We had not broken the rebel line at either point." 

Such is substantially CJeneral Sherman's brief description of this 
battle, as beheld from the Federal stand-point. 

Taking ourselves back, however, to the day of the great struggle, 
and viewing it from the summit of Kennesaw, it is stated by those 
who participated in it, as having presented one of the grandest 
scenes which the page of war unfolds. 

Here, beginning among the hills east of Kennesaw Mountain, 
and running westward to and across the Western & Atlantic Railroad, 
and up the ridge to the summits; thence, around the front side and 
crests of both peaks near the base of the lesser Kennesaw; thence, 
turning southward, and extending through the comparatively level 
country for some three miles or more, was the Confederate line of 
entrenchments. 

On the crests of the two mountains the Confederates had batteries, 
which could overlook the whole field, and interspersed along the 
line, particularly that part of the position southwest of the moun- 
tains, was also a number of pieces of artillery. Behind these lengthy 
earthworks rested probably over 55,000 Confederate troops, not only 
fearless, but eager for the approaching battle. 

In front of this line of defense, which was probably more than 
eight miles long. General Sherman had marshalled over one 
hundred thousand of the finest soldiers in America. 

Of their bravery, their fortitude, and their willingness to seal their 
convictions with their blood, there need not, at this late day, be any 
controversy. It may be truthfully asserted that there was not, during 
the entire war, a finer army sent into the field by the Federal Govern- 
ment than this magnificent array, which on the 27th day of June, 1864, 
moved forward to wrest Kennesaw Mountain and Marietta from 
General Johnston's army, if it lay in the power of brave men to do it. 

The early morning found them massing in heavy force at all points 
along the line, and at nine o'clock the battle began in earnest. 

9 



From two hundred and fifty cannon on Sherman's side there 
poured forth a terrific bombardment upon the Confederate position. 

This was replied to, to a moderate degree, by the Confederate 
batteries, although they, to some extent, held their fire for the closer 
work which was to come. 

Now, through the thick woods approached the serried columns, 
several lines deep. It was a magnificent sight as they moved 
forward, over hill and dale, towards the grand point of attack. It 
was not long before this tide of valor swept forward within range of 
the small arms behind the Confederate entrenchments; and now, 
almost all along the line, the curling smoke and the rattle of musketry 
began to make the welkin ring. 

From the advancing hosts defiance went back in volley after volley, 
and still onward and onward came the rush. 

At all points there were exhibited the varied terrors of carnage, 
the inspiring scenes of war; and as prominent as the roar of cannon 
and the rattle of small arms arose the "huzzahs" of the undaunted 
assailants and the wild "rebel yell" from behind the entrenchments. 

But there was one part of the Confederate line which did not 
share in the tumult and fierce resistance which was everywhere else 
apparent. This was the portion held by the division of Major- 
General Cleburne, or, as all the Southern people know him, "Pat 
Cleburne." It has been said of Cleburne that he was the only man 
in the Confederate army who could absolutely control his men and 
make them hold their fire until he was ready for it to be delivered. 
On the day of this battle, when the Federal advance began, it is 
stated that he said to his troops that he would shoot any man who 
would dare to fire a gun until he gave the word. 

This was the explanation of the ominous silence all along that 
portion of the breastworks held by his force. Probably the effect of 
this can best be shown by repeating the words of a Federal Colonel, 
who was captured in this battle, and who described it the next day. 

Said he: 

"It was the most severe ordeal which my nervous system has 
ever undergone. When we began the advance, we naturally ex- 
pected that the artillery would open upon us, as soon as we got 
within range; and that, having swept forward until we were in reach 
of the fire of musketry, that would begin to open upon us also. 

"I had been through so much of this that I had ceased to fear it, 
and always relied on the excitement of the occasion carrying me 
forward; but here we ran for some two hundred yards or more and 
there was not a cannon shot. Another hundred yards, and still no 
explosion of bombshell, or anything of the kind! I now began to 
feel a little strange. Another hundred yards, and still no sign of 
life, and my nervousness began to give place to a desire to halt. 
Another hundred yards, and we were certainly within range of 
musketry; but still there was not one sign of life in the entrench- 
ments in front of us; nothing to gave cause for apprehension, j 
apparently, except the waving of the Confederate flags above the 
works, as a light wind blew. 

"Now, over me began to come a mortal feeling of dread; a feel- 
ing which I never had before, and which I can scarcely describe. I 
would have turned and fled but for the fear of disgrace which was 
stronger even than the horror of death; but I knew what was 
coming, and determined by my example to inspire my men to brave 
it, no matter how terrible it was. |> 

"At length we were within scarcely more than twenty yards of | 
the entrenchments when from all along the line protruded forth, ^_ 

10 



beneath the head-logs, scores and hundreds of muskets. I could 
see them as I gave a quick glance down the whole front, and those 
immediately before me, particularly, seemed slightly waving from 
side to side. There was no mistaking it. I knew that every holder 
of a musket was picking out his man. 

"This continued for but a few moments, when above all other 
sounds, distinct and clear, I heard the command given, "Now, 
Mkn, Fire! " 

" Instantly, from along the entire line, there seemed, like a lightning 
flash, to burst forth a sheet of flame and smoke. I was struck, and 
fell senseless for an instant; but when I recovered myself and turned 
to look there seemed to be scarcely seven men in my entire regiment 
on their feet. 

"Then the fury of the combat arose above every other sight or 
sound. The whole forest and mountain seemed to be on fire. 
There was no army in the world that could have stood before it! " 

As an evidence of the correctness of this description, it may be 
stated, that after the battle the Confederates picked up in front of 
Cleburne's line 1,002 dead and wounded Federals. 

The fighting at the line of defense extending for three miles 
through the level country south of Kennesaw Mountain and west of 
M.VRIETTA was furious in the extreme; and it required the most 
heroic exertions of the Confederates to repel the determined assaults 
which were made with such desperate bravery by more than twice 
their number upon this line, as well as upon the lesser Kennesaw. 

Without viewing further this dread panorama of war which was 
exhibited before the heights of Kennesaw Mountain, we will only 
add that the Confederate loss in this, the greatest battle of the 
campaign, was 808; the Federal loss running up into the thousands. 
This battle will always stand forth as one of the most notable of the 
great Civil War, the advantages of position on one hand being 
fully matched by those in point of numbers on the other; and as 
an exhibition of the valor of American soldiery will ever hold a 
prominent position on the page of fame. 

Regarding the period before and after this date. General Sherman 
says: 

"These losses from June ist to July 3d were all substantially sus- 
tained about Kennesaw and Marietta, and it was really a continuous 
battle lasting from the loth day of June till the 3d of July, when the 
rebel army fell back from Marietta towards the Chattahoochee 
River." 

The hill-sides around and in the midst of the mountain triangle 
near Marietta were seamed with entrenchments or honeycombed 
with rifle pits. The thick woods and undergrowth added obscurity 
and confusion to the movements of large bodies of troops. 

This natural fortress in front of the little city of Marietta for 
nearly a month Sherman attempted to wrest by main force from 
Johnston; but at length gave up the endeavor, and with his grand 
army swung around to the west, and, on July 3d, so imperilled 
Johnston's communications with Atlanta, that he compelled him to 
retire towards the Chattahoochee River. 

The tourist of the present day who stops at Marietta can without 
trouble trace the lines of entrenchments on and before the moun- 
tain, and upon almost every hill can notice the rifle pits which were, 
during the month of June, 1864, occupied by the opposing sharp- 
shooters. 

11 



. . IVEARIKTTA . . 

THE BEST CLIMATE IN GEORGIA. 

At the meeting of the Kings County Medical Society in Brooklyn, 
N. Y., November, 1883, Dr. P. R. Cortelyou, of Marietta, Ga., an 
old member of the society, being present, was called upon to relate his 
experience in regard to the climate of Georgia as a place of resi- 
dence for persons affected with pulmonary and throat troubles. 
After narrating to some extent his own affliction in the above respect, 
and his attempts to find a climate which would afford him relief, and 
showing the difficulties which he experienced at one or two points 
from dampness, foggy weather, etc., and the inability to find a 
climate where he could obtain refreshing sleep at night, Dr. Cor- 
telyou showed that he had found at Marietta the point which had 
brought him relief from general debility and from the pulmonary and 
throat affection from which he suffered. He added: 

"Very many think that because the winters are mild the summers 
are exceedingly long and hot. The summers are really exceedingly 
pleasant. We rarely have a temperature above ninety degrees in the 
shade; and the nights are also very comfortable; and I don't think 
there were half a dozen nights during the past summer when I was 
kept awake on account of the heat, or when I did not need some 
covering. Another advantage of that section — I speak especially of 
Marietta, but many sections in upper Georgia are fully as favorable 
as to climate, the conditions are all the same, but we have a little 
more elevation than the other sections — is, the absolute freedom 
from malarial troubles. And further, and this is a point to which I 
wish to direct your attention, we are easy of access. I think that is 
a decided benefit in many cases. I hear a good deal said about New 
Mexico. Well, when an invalid attempts to go there, away from his 
friends, he has a very tiresome and tedious journey, and the facili- 
ties for a comfortable living there are, in many parts of the country, 
difficult to procure; so that if one requires any special luxuries, it is 
difficult to get them. At Marietta we are situated conveniently to 
Atlanta, where we can get anything that can be had here ; and persons 
located there are certainly very easily reached by friends, if necessary; 
and so they feel that they are not entirely isolated from their friends 
and families as they are when they go to New Mexico or even Cali- 
fornia." 



COBB COUNTY, 

of which Marietta is the seat of justice, is one of the largest, 
wealthiest and most prosperous geographical divisions of the State. 
It was laid off from Cherokee in 1832 and named in honor of Hon. 
Thomas W. Cobb. The soil of the county is varied, the bottoms 
and some of the hilly lands being very fertile, and but little of it too 
sterile for successful cultivation. Many metals and minerals, includ- 
ing gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, etc., have been discovered at 
different times, and some gold and silver mines have been profitably If 
worked. 

Agriculture is the main resource and occupation of the people, but 
of late years considerable capital has been invested in manufactures | 
also. The inhabitants are proverbially law-abiding, temperate and i. 
moral. This is one of the prohibition counties, and the new order 
of things has been acquiesced in without a murmur. At the largest 

12 



fair ever held by the State Agricultural Society at .Macon, Cobb bore 
away the honors, and was justly called the banner county of Georgia. 
At this very moment she has no less than seven agricultural district 
clubs in successful operation, and much attention is devoted to the 
rearing of fine cattle, sheep and swine. The nicely worked public 
roads also afford substantial evidence of thrift and increasing civiliza- 
tion. Fifteen post-ofifices afford light and intelligence to the masses. 
Numerous schools, academies and churches are found in every dis- 
trict, and from the above showing it does seem that Cobb may still 
claim to be at least one of the banner counties of the State. — From 
Letter in the " Southern World" by Col. II. II. Jones. 



COBB COUNTY STATISTICS. 



The United States Census of 1880 makes the following showing 
for Cobb County : 

Population, white, 14,734; colored, 6,012; total population, 20,746. 
Horses, 1,263; rnules, 1,861; working oxen, 242; milch cows, 2,537; 
other cattle, 3,485; sheep, 2,544; swine, 12,304; wool (pounds), 
4.973; butter (pounds), 216,357; number of farms, i,8g6; acres of 
improved land, 91,261. Estimated value of all farm products (sold, 
consumed, or on hand) for 1879, $1,088,879. Indian corn, 406,730 
bushels; oats, 57,621 bushels; rye, 589 bushels; wheat, 80,617 bush- 
els; cotton, 13,092 bales; hay, 58 tons. Value of orchard products 
consumed and sold, $26,114. Irish potatoes, 1,385 bushels; sweet 
potatoes, 15,613 bushels. Assessed valuation of real estate, $2,042- 
647; of personal property, $1,295,832; total, $3,338,479. Taxation, 
State, $14,352; county, $15,023; city, $3,877; total, $33,252. Fig- 
ures on manufactures as follows: Capital, $537,133; average number 
of hands employed, 597; total amount paid in wages during the 
year, $120,778; value of materials, $999,253; value of products, 
$1,383,322. 

Annual death rate per 1,000 of living population, 12. 

The statistics on a part of the subjects contained in the above since 
the Federal Census of 1880 show a very decided increase; but we 
merely quote the above because it is a full representation at the date 
named. 



AVERAGE TEMPERATURE AT MARIETTA, GA. 



The average temperature for six months, from November to April, 
during a period of four years, was as follows : i875-'6, 48^4^ degrees ; 
i876-'7, 44 degrees ; i877-'8, 47^^ degrees ; i878-'g, 44^ degrees. 
Average temperature for the entire year was as follows : 1875, 56^ 
degrees; 1876, 56^ degrees; 1877, 57^/^ degrees; 1878, 57}^ 
degrees; 1879, 57"/^ degrees. 

13 




THERE are few counties which are so well adapted to give 
profitable return to manufacturing industries as Cobb. The 
requisites for the successful conducting of such enterprises 
are: first, raw material ; second, water or steam power ; third, intelli- 
gent population, and, fourth, proximity to the consuming section ; 
fifth, health. All these Cobb County enjoys to a very decided 
extent. 

To all who wish to go into the business of manufacturing furniture 
and other products of lumber, there is furnished a supply of this 
material which will feel no appreciable contraction for years to come. 
Among the varieties of wood which are found in Cobb County may 
be mentioned the following : Red oak, black oak, post oak, Spanish 
oak, chestnut oak, blackjack, white ash, blue ash, black ash, poplar, 
birch, sycamore, hickory, yellow pine, walnut, locust, willow, wild 
cherry, maple, elm, dogwood, sweetgum, mulberry, persimmon, 
chestnut, beech, and others. 

To those who wish to utilize the product of ore, the following 
varieties offer themselves : Brown hematite iron, iron pyrites, man- 
ganese, kaolin, chrome mica, hornblende, graphite, soapstone, spec- 
ular ore, mica, granite, gold ore, gold quartz, quartzite, asbestos, 
manganese with -iron, copper pyrites, schist and blackhead, honey- 
comb quartz, garnets, decomposed feldspar. 

To the cotton manufacturer Cobb County offers over 12,000 bales 
per annum. 

Besides these, the grain crops afford large supplies to milling 
interests, which are supplemented to a much greater extent by grain 
brought from Tennessee and the West. 

The water-powers of Cobb County are very fine indeed, and while 
some of them are utilized, yet the tithe has not been reached. 

In addition to these, the Western & Atlantic Railroad Co. has 
reduced the rates on coal for manufacturing purposes to such an 
extent that Cobb County stations enjoy as cheap coal as Atlanta 
itself. 

The population is composed of an intelligent class of people who 
take readily to manufacturing industries, and develop rapidly those 
which are founded on a firm basis. 

The last material requisite for successful manufacturing Cobb 
County enjoys to a very unusual extent, Atlanta and the great con- 
suming section being immediately south of and around her ; hence, it 
is not necessary to elaborate further upon this subject. 

As to health, this publication elsewhere shows that this county is 
above the average. 



14 






<$o/i\p/i)\(r 



R. H. RICHARDS, M. O. "WHITLOCKI, 

President. Sec'y and Treas'r. 

T. H. CHEEK, 
Superintendent. 



MILLS • AT • MARIETTA, GA. 



The Kennesaw Mills Company have, at a cost of $10,000, just 
completed the work of an addition of the late and most improved 
patterns of the 

NKW ROIvIvER PROCESS 

FOR MAKING 

rftpl and Bo Ited C®m Mttl and Grits, 

This system has as thoroughly revolutionized the product of corn 
as the Roller Process has done in wheat. The product is free from 
any impurity. In the old process, every impurity goes into the 
meal, except the coarse bran ; that is removed at the expense of the 
purchaser, by means of a sieve, whilst an immense amount of fine, 
dirty stuff passes through the sieve into the meal, thence into bran, 
and thence into the stomach of the consumer, which would be ex- 
ceedingly objectionable to them if they could glance at the mass and 
character of the stuff that our machinery removes from the meal. 

We have the latest and most improved 

ROLLER SYSTEM FOR WHEAT 

and our grades of Flour cannot be excelled in point of high grades, 
and not equalled in uniformity by any mill. 



15 



*KE]si|iE5AW.i.SiUSl 



i^^t t* 



A. A. KLKXCHER, Frof>'r. 




MARIETTA, GEORGIA. 

RA.TES OK BOARD. 

PER DAY, $2.50 

PER WEEK, $10.00 and $12.00 

Special rates made to families on application, stating number in family 
and rooms required. 







^4 



m 



^^£TTA, GBO^C>\^- 



16 






\M^j^^^ 



^f 



(l^JIarietta, ga. 



To invalids who do not care to risk the low altitudes and dampness of the extreme 
South, and yet can hardly endure the ri(;or of a winter among the mountains of Western 
North Carolina or Eastern Tennessee, Marietta, Georgia, offers special attractions. I'hc 
water is pure and soft, the drainage is perfect, and malaria is unknown. 

.. ...'rimis drawback to Marietta in the past has been its limited accommodations for 
boarders. To supuly this necessity to some extent, the undersigned has recently erected 
a commodious huildmg, with large, well ventilated rooms, water carried to every part of 
the house, l>ath-rooms and water closets on each floor, open tire-places in all the rooms, 
and all modern conveniences. 

A cottage, containing four rooms, has been built within a few yards of the main house 
to accommodate the overflow during the busy season. 

In the large double parlors a Weber Grand piano and cabinet organ are placed for the 
entertainment of guests, while outside, a croquet ground and bowling alley are among the 
attractions. 

The table is well supplied from the markets of Marietta and Atlanta. An abundance 
of pure milk is furnished from my own dairy. The best Jersey butter used at every meal. 
My house, known as 

"THK WHITLOCK HOUSE," 

rapidiv in popularity, both North and South, as to force me to increase my 

__, f 

the most desirable for winter and summer ^'iiests in the South. 

The halls and 
tilated in summer. 

M. G. WHITLOCK, MARIETTA, GA. 



acconimodatiim ; therefore, I have just begun an addition of a large handsome dining-hal 
and about twenty elegant chambers, which will when completed, make the house one o: 
he most desirable for winter and summer guests in the South. 

The halls and dining-room will be comfortably heated in winter, and delightfully ven- 
r. This addition will be completed by the first of September, next. 



D. W. BLAIR. 



Attorneys 

^^Law 

^Arietta, g^^' 



L. BLACK & SON, 

(o9tra(;torslBdild^r5 



AND DEALERS IN 



iS^^SH • DOORS BLINDS, 

FURNITURE • LUIMBKR 

BURIAL • CASES ■ ETC. 

METALLIC : AND : WOOD : BURIAL : CASES. 



17 



SAXON A. ANDERSON, 

. . proprietor . . 

Vf ARIET TA PAPER * 
* * M'F G COMPA NY. 




rvlANUFACTURES ( 



J©oo^, • rj<zySs • ciT)d ■ wpappir)q • If^ctpep. 



Correspondence Solicited. 



RAGS WANTED. 



Chuck Anderson, 



^lVBRv= 



SALE STABLES 



Op^. Kennesaw Hou se, MARIETTA, GA. 



a. C. BURNAP, 

Exclian^^e M Collection Office, 



M ARIETTA, GA. 



(-•nDPTrcpr>vr>T.-MTt: . < MECHANICS' NATIONAL Bank, New-York, 
CORRESPONDRNTb . • merchants' Kank, Atlanta. 



J. C. GRBER, 



H)enti6t, 

SOUTH SIDE PUBLIC .SQUARE, . 



NIARIETXA, GA. 



THE BRUMBYCHAIR COMPANY 



IVIARIETTA, GA. 




MASrl'Al 1 I'KKKS OK 



Double-Woven Cane, Rattan, Splint and Perforated Seat Chairs 

NA/RITE FOR PRICES AND CUTS. 



. . . Successor to Wrn. Root, . . . 

DRUGGIST 



MARIETTA, GA. 



A.REYNOLDS, Jr. 

^' D e 9 1 i s t ^ 

As to work and prices, satis- 
faction guaranteed. 

OFFICE OVER McCLATCHY'S STORE, 

West-Side Square, 
MARIETTA, GA. 



Thej 



feilW^* 



We keep the best workmen, and are pre- 
pared to do any kind of work in 

Marble, Scotch Granite, * « * 
* * Italian and Georgia Marble. 

ALSO STATUARY, FIGURES, Etc. 

Send for our prices. 

MeCLATCHY & BAILY, Prop's, 

Nlfiriettti, Ga. 



D. A. WARLICK, 

DHOTOGEAPHER 



^ARi 



ETTA, 



ON- 



Aside from all work done in a first-class 

(.lallcry, views of residences, etc., in 

the best manner possible by 

the liffhtning process. 



19 



American Marble 







Cutting Company, 




OKKICES 



l/lRIETXa, 



20 






~ W r/) • j_j 



"j W CAi 






o> 

o: 
<:• 
w: 



03 

H 
> 
H O 

O "^ 

Z 

0) 



z 
> 

m 

C/3 



^ i<-nLOUJW(jOOJh3»OwMMOOOOOO,„ 
> < i. •< 



O^O. . . . »oO(OOl>i 

> S • • • • 



M>: 



• > • 

— 5' • 



r ft 
g ■ 



(4 to 



>-j ■^ -^ ^1 o o • 



en tn ui t-n Ln u\ 






hz 






MILES. 



No. 17. 

MARIETTA 
EXPRESS. 



No. 14. 

ROME 
EXPRESS. 

No. 4. 

THROUGH 

DAY 
EXPRESS. 

No. 2. 

THROUGH 
EVENING 
EXPRESS. 

No. 12. 

THROUGH 

NIGHT 
EXPRESS. 



U O) 10 10 to to 






No. 8. 

THROUGH 

NIGHT 
FREIGHT. 



Ln n o 



No. 18. 

STOCK 
EXPRESS 
FREIGHT. 



• > • 

.^ n 

s ■ 



t.>^ to to to to M 



No. lO. 

WAY 
FREIGHT. 



in 1^ en 

tn 2. O 



4^ .t>. O) O^ C>} u> 



3^S 



No. 6. 

THROUGH 

DAY 
FREIGHT. 



QO CO cc co-j 



O O (-n to 



No. 1 6. 
EXPRESS 
FREIGHT. 



21 



X 




M 








m 

b 



M 



XHOIN 

HOnOHHX 

•L -ON 



•NIVHX 
XmHd 
■g I -ON 



'XHOiaHJ 

AVAV 

•6 "ON 



XHOiaHJ 

Ava 

HOnO^IHX 
•g -ON 



ssaHdxa 

XHOIN 
■I I 'ON 



ssaHdxa 

vxxaiavw 

■L I -ON 



ssaHdxa 

MvsaNNax 

•6 I "ON 



ssaHdxa 

awoH 

■*I -ON 



■ssaHdxa 

ONiNaAa 

"I -ON 



•ssaHdxa 

N^iaxsaM 

•S -ON 



■saiiw 






CO C-) rj- 

d d d 



"C CO 



> < 



w^vO O vO vO O 



• > < 



in u^ to • O O 



rt in 



CO CO 



5f fe 



go; 



«^ COCO 



I. CO 

H CO 

■< • 



s 

>. <; > 

"iiominino O w m c) c4 n cocococococoii 

1-4 ■< 

r-« r^ i~- r-oo oocooococooooooococooooo ( 







CO 


(/) 




2 


Ui 




O 


S 


u. 



h 


< 




< 


'^ 




0) 



Pi <i l-H 

<5 c/2 ;z; p5 pq K pq o > S c/5 Pi P3 CJ c« (2:^ O S 



en 
O 
p:5 
O 

PiQ 



> 
O 

Pi Pi 



T 



lie Western & Atlantic ^ 



O 



^ 



<? 



I • G^i?^^ r KENNESA W RO UTE. •] 

Running through attractive and historic scenery ; through the granary 
of Georgia ; through a region of wonderful mineral resources, and one 
of such equable temperature as to afford pleasant homes all the year 

round 




LIST OF OFFICERS, AGENTS, ETC. 



Atlanta, Ga. 



V . S. Senator Joseph E. Bkown, President 

W. C. Morrill, Vice-President and Treasurer, 

R. A. Anoekson, General Superintendent, " " 

J • IS. M. Bkown, General Freiffht, Passenger and Ticket Agent, . " " 

James L. Dickev, Assistant General Freight Agent " " 

Alton Angier, Assistant General Passenger and Ticket Agent, . " " 

Ji'Lii's L. Brown, General Coun.sel, " " 

Chas. E. Hak.man, General Western Agent, 131 Vine St., . . Cincinnati, O. 

Frank E. Drake, General Southwestern Agent Kansas City, Mo. 

Thos. McGill, General Northwestern Agent, yq Clark St., . . Chicago, 111. 
J. T. HosFoKD, General Traveling Passenger Agent, yg Clark St., Chicago, III. 
J. P. Beckwith, Florida Agent, 60 West Bay St., .... Jacksonville, Fla. 
W. H. Lucas, Florida Passenger Agent, 60 West Bay St., . " " 

George M. Brown, Soliciting Agent, 60 West Bay St., . . " " 

James Malov, Pas-senger Agent, Atlanta, Ga. 

Chas. B. Walker, Traveling Passenger Agent, " " 

Adaik & Peters, Ticket Agents, Atlanta, Ga. 

J. H. Boston, Agent Marietta, Ga. 

33 



■1'^,^!!°'= CONGRESS 




014 496 995 9 



